THE LOW-MIDDLE INCOME HOUSING CHALLENGES IN MALAYSIA

Authors

  • Ernawati Mustafa Kamal School of Housing, Building and Planning UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA
  • Kong Seng Lai Department of Construction Management & Real Estate, Faculty of Built Environment TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN UNIVERSITY COLLEGE
  • Nor Aini Yusof School of Housing, Building and Planning UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v18i11.713

Keywords:

affordable housing, housing policy, homeownership, low-medium income group

Abstract

Homeownership is recognised as one of human needs. However, in the 21st century, homeownership remained as one of the greatest challenges in most developing countries, and Malaysia is no exception. Housing for everyone remained an issue in Malaysia. Homeownership for the low to medium income group (LMIG) is getting difficult overtime. Questions raised on the competency of the existing housing policy in catering the uprising needs to house the LMIG. This study aims to explore the challenges within the housing policy and its implementation, and to identify ways to overcome those challenges. Opinions from four major stakeholders in the housing sector; the federal government, the state government, non-governmental organisations, and academicians were solicit using focus group interviews protocol. The results point-out three major concerns- 1) loose connection between the federal and state government, 2) mismatched of housing policy, and 3) inadequacy of financial system and poor demographic profile. Subsequently, four alternatives were proposed to address the issues raised- 1) one-stop center that operates above the differences between the governments, 2) establishes the social infrastructures before Affordable Housing in sub-urban/rural area is approved, 3) government’s active interventions on affordable house pricing, and 4) public awareness on homeownership through education.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Agus, M. R. (2002). The role of state and market in the Malaysian housing sector. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 17(1).

Atterhog, M. (2005). Importance of government policies for home ownership rates: An international survey and analysis. Retrieved from Stockholm:

Aziz, W. A. W. A., Hanif, N. R., & Singaravello, K. a. l. (2011). A Study on Affordable Housing Within the Middle Income Households in the Major Cities and Town in Malaysia. Retrieved from Kuala Lumpur:

Babulal, V. (2016). Developers can now provide housing loans for buyers. New Straits Times.

Central Bank of Malaysia. (2010). Bank Negara Annual Report 2010. Retrieved from Kuala Lumpur:

Central Bank of Malaysia. (2016). Bank Negara Annual Report 2015. Retrieved from http://www.bnm.gov.my:

Cheong, W. Q. (2015). Why is buying your own house so important? .

Colesca, S. E., & Alpopi, C. (2011). The Quality of Bucharest's Green Spaces. Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, 6(4), 45-59.

Consumer Association of Penang (Producer). (2014). A credible Housing Policy is long overdue.

Demographia International (Producer). (2016). 12th Annual Demographia International Housing Affordability Survey: 2016 Retrieved from

www.demographia.com/dhi.pdf

Doling, J., & Ronald, R. (2010). Home ownership and asset-based welfare. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 25(2), 165-173.

Glaeser, E. L., & Sacerdote, B. (2000). The Social Consequences of Housing. Journal of Housing Economics, 9(1-2), 1-23.

Habib, S. (2015). Is owning a house in KL and Penang beyond most people’s reach? The

Star Online.

Habibu, S. (2016). Noh Omar: Developers can now offer home loans. The Star Online.

Haurin, D. R., Parcel, T. L., & Haurin, R. J. (2002). Does Homeownership Affect Child Outcomes? . Real Estate Economics, 30(4), 635-666.

Hulchanski, J. D. (2003). What Factors Shape Canadian Housing Policy? The Intergovernmental Role in Canada’s Housing System. Paper presented at the Municipal-Federal-Provincial Relations in Canada, Queen’s University, Kingston.

Kamal, E. M., Hassan, H., Osmadi, A., & Fatah, H. A. (2015). Housing Price Control: Is it a way forward? Paper presented at the 7th International Conference on Sustainable Development and Planning, Istanbul, Turkey.

Khazanah Research Institute. (2015). Making Housing Affordable. Kuala Lumpur: Khazanah Research Institute.

Khoo, N. (2016). Penang exploring ways to bring down rising property development contribution costs. The Edge Property, pp.

https://www.edgeprop.my/content/845872/penang-exploring-ways-bring-down-rising-property-development-contribution-costs.

Kok Wah Loh, F. (2010). Restructuring Federal-State Relations in Malaysia: From Centralised to Co-operative Federalism? The Round Table, 99, 131-140.

Kumar, R. (2011). Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners (3rd Edition). London: Sage.

Lyndall, B., & Chris, E. (2012). The Impact of Infrastructure Charges on New Housing Cost: An International Comparison. Paper presented at the 18th Annual Pacific Rim Real Estate Society Conference, Brisbane, Australia.

Marczky, G., DeMatteo, D., & Festinger, D. (2005). Essensials of Research Design and Methodology: John Wiley & Sons.

Mohamed Osman, M., Muhamad Yusup, S.W., Abdullah, M.F, Shuid, S. (2017). Housing affordability index for districts in Perak. Advanced Science Letters, 23 (7). pp. 6049-6052.

Mohamed Osman, M., Khalid, N., Muhamad Yusup, S.W. (2017). Housing affordability in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. Advanced Science Letters, 23 (7). pp. 61886122. ISSN 1936-6612

Mohamed Osman, M., Ramlee, M.A, Samsudin, N., Rabe, N.S, Abdullah, M.F., Khalid, N. (2017). Housing affordability in the state of Johor. Planning Malaysia: Journal of the Malaysian Institute of Planners, 15 (1). ,pp. 347-356.

Mulder, C. H. (2004). Home Ownership and Social Inequality in Netherlands. In K. Kurz & H.-P. Blossfeld (Eds.), Home Ownership and Social Inequality in Comparative Perspective: Standford University Press.

National Housing Department. (2010). National Housing Policy. Retrieved from Kuala Lumpur:

Quigley, J. M., & Raphael, S. (2004). Is Housing Unaffordable? Why Isn’t It More Affordable? Journal of Economic Perspectives, 18(1), 191-214.

Ram, P., & Needham, B. (2016). The Provision of Affordable Housing in India: Are Commercial Developers Interested? Habitat International, 55, 100-108.

Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2013). Research Methods for Business: A Skill-Building Approach (6th Edition). New York: Wiley.

Shi, W., Chen, J., & Wang, H. (2015). Affordable housing policy in China: New developments and new challenges. Habitat International, 54(3), 224-233.

Shuid, S. (2008). Low income housing provision in Malaysia: the role of state and market Paper presented at the 5th Colloquium of Welsh Network of Development Researchers (NDR), Newtown Wales, United Kingdom.

Surach, G. (2014). Klang Valley still affordable. The Star.

Tan, A. L. (2016). Developers urged to build more affordable homes. The Edge Property.

Tan, T. H. (2009). Home Owning Motivation in Malaysia. Journal of Accounting, Business and Management, 16(1), 93-112.

Tan, T. H. (2013). Affordable Housing for First-Time Homebuyers: Issues and Implications from the Malaysian Experience. Paper presented at the 1st International Conference on Innovation and Sustainability (ICOIS 2013), Sunway Resort Hotel, Kuala Lumpur.

United Nations Human Settlements Programme. (2008). The Role of Government in the Housing Market: The Experience from Asia. Retrieved from Nairobi:

Wang, D., & Li, S.-M. (2006). Socio-economic Differentials And Stated Housing Preferences in Guangzhou. Habitat International, 30(2), 305-326.

Yang, Z., & Chen, J. (2014). Housing Affordability and Housing Policy in Urban China. Berlin: Springer.

Yusof, N. A., Abu-Jarad, I. Y., & Badree, M. H. (2012). The Effectiveness of Government Incentives to Facilitate an Innovative Housing Delivery System: The Perspective of Housing Developers. Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, 7(1), 55-68.

Yusof, N. A., Shafiei, M. W. M., Yahya, S., & Ridzuan, M. (2010). Strategies to implement the “build then sell” housing delivery system in Malaysia. Habitat International, 34(1), 53-58.

Zainun, N. Y., Ghazali, F. E. M., & Rawan, N. M. (2015). Key Parameters for Medium Cost Housing Demand in Malaysia. Paper presented at the 9th Malaysian Technical Universities Conference on Engineering and Technology.

Downloads

Published

2020-04-08

How to Cite

Mustafa Kamal, E., Seng Lai, K., & Yusof, N. A. (2020). THE LOW-MIDDLE INCOME HOUSING CHALLENGES IN MALAYSIA. PLANNING MALAYSIA, 18(11). https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v18i11.713