MAIN CRITERIA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMART CITIES DETERMINED USING ANALYTICAL METHOD
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v14i5.179Keywords:
Criteria, Smart City, Development, Analytic Hierarchy ProcessAbstract
A smart city is one that is highly developed, innovative, environment-friendly, and incorporates relevant aspects of the economy, technology, mobility, quality of life and other aspects that contribute to the well-being of its residents. To achieve the status of a smart city, several requirements, criteria or indicators need to be considered. Strategic decisions by planners of a smart city play an important role in determining how the city uses resources and opportunities through the harnessing of modern technology to build a framework of innovation that nurtures a healthy society in an economy that is dynamic and environment-conscious. Smart cities focus on various elements of humanity, learning, the environment, technological infrastructure, social development, and urban growth. The aim of this study is to examine these requisites of a smart city, and to use the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology in assigning weightage to each element that is considered essential to its development. Smart environment and smart mobility were found to be the top two important factors in the successful building of a smart city. The actual values that shape smart cities are based on a balance of factors such as smart environmental practices, smart governance, smart living, smart mobility, smart people, and smart economy. These principal key elements work together to exploit the technologies that help bring about the realization of a smart city.Downloads
References
Albino, V., Berardi, U. & Dangelico, R.M. (2015). Smart cities: Definitions, dimensions, performance, and initiatives. Journal of Urban Technology, 22(1), 3 - 21. doi:10.1080/ 10630732.2014.942092.
Caragliu, A, Del Bo. C. & Nijkamp. P. (2011). Smart Cities in Europe. Journal of Urban Technology, 18(2), 65-82. D0I:10.1080/10630732.
Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) (2013). Hot spots 2025: Benchmarking the future competitiveness of cities.
Urzaiz, G., Hervas, R., Fontecha, J. & Bravo, J. (2014). A High-Level Model for a Healthy Smart City. In L Pecchia et al. (Eds.), IWAAL 2014, LNCS 8868 (386389). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
Giffinger, R, Kramar, H. & Haindl, G. (2008). The role of rankings in growing city competition. Proceedings of the 11th European Urban Research Association (EURA) Conference, Milan, Italy, October 9 - 11, 2008.
Giffinger, R., Fertner, C., Kramar, H., Pichler-Milanovic, N. & Meijers, E. (2013). Vienna University of Technology SRF Centre of Regional Science. http://www.smart-cities.eu/team_1.html.
Harrison, C. & Donnelly, I. (2011). A Theory of Smart Cities. Proceedings of the 55 th Annual Meeting of the ISSS-2011. Hull, UK.
Hollands, R. (2008). Will the real smart city please stand up? Intelligent, progressive or entrepreneurial? City: analysis of urban trends, culture, theory, policy, action, 12(3), 303-320. DOI: 10.1080/13604810802479126.
IBM (2011). IBM’s Smarter Cities Challenge: Philadelphia Report. Armonk, NY. Retrieved from smartercitieschallenge.org/city_philadelphia_pa.html.
Komninos. N. (2002). Intelligent Cities: Innovation, Knowledge Systems and Digital Spaces. London: Spon Press.
Komninos, N. (2009). Intelligent cities: Towards interactive and global innovation environments. International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development, 1(4), 337-355.
Kourtit, K. & Nijkamp, P. (2012). Smart Cities in the Innovation Age. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, 25(2), 93-95. D0I:10.1080/ 13511610.2012.660331.
Manville, C., Cochrane, G., Cave, J., Millard, J., Pederson, J., Thaarup, R. & Kotterink, B. (2014). Mapping Smart Cities in the EU. Brussels: European Union.
Monfaredzadeh, T. & Berardi, U. (2015). Beneath the smart city: dichotomy between sustainability and competitiveness. International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development, 6(3), 140-156.
Mori, K. & Christodoulou, A. (2012). Review of Sustainability Indices and Indicators: Towards a New City Sustainability Index (CSI). Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 32(1), 94-106.
Morvaj, B., Lugaric, L. & Krajcar, S. (2012). Demonstrating Smart Buildings and Smart Grid features in a Smart Energy City. Energetics (IYCE), Proceedings of the 2011 3rd International Youth Conference.
O’Grady, M. & O’Hare, G. (2012). How Smart Is Your City? Science, 335(3), 1581— 1582.
Paskaleva, K. (2009). Enabling the smart city: the progress of e-city governance in Europe. International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development, 1(4), 405-422.
Paskaleva, K. (2011). The smart city: A nexus for open innovation? Intelligent Buildings International, 3(3), 153-171. DOI: 10.1080/17508975.2011.586672.
Pellicer, S., Santa, G., Bleda, A., Maestre, R., Jara, A. & Skarmeta, G. (2013). A Global Perspective of Smart Cities: A Survey. 2013 Seventh International Conference on Innovative Mobile and Internet Services in Ubiquitous Computing (IMIS), pp. 439-444. DOI:10.1109/IMIS.2013.79.
Peng, C., Xicheng, T., Meng, G. & Yayu, Y. (2013). Virtual Reality in Smart City. In F. Bian et al. (Eds.) GRMSE 2013, Part I, CCIS 398 (107-118). Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
Wiig, A. (2015). The empty rhetoric of the smart city: from digital inclusion to economic promotion in Philadelphia. Urban Geography, 37(4), 535-553. DOI: 10.1080/02723638.2015.1065686.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright & Creative Commons Licence
eISSN: 0128-0945 © Year. The Authors. Published for Malaysia Institute of Planners. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
The authors hold the copyright without restrictions and also retain publishing rights without restrictions.