TANAH ABANG, PERAK: THE LAYOUT AND PLANNING OF A 16TH CENTURY FORTIFIED MALAY ROYAL TOWN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v20i22.1128Keywords:
Tanah Abang, Royal Town, Malay FortressAbstract
The layout and planning of royal towns as capitals of Malay sultanates are based on principles of forming a palace complex complete with defence systems, infrastructures for economic activities, transportation systems, religious centres and surrounded by settlements. Sultan Muzaffar Shah I (1528-1549) built such a complex with a defence system in Tanah Abang as the first capital and administrative centre of his newly founded Perak sultanate. Regretfully today no trace of it have been found. However, based on the remains of the fort surrounding the area, the layout and planning of the palace complex in Tanah Abang, Kota Lama, Perak can be ascertained. Based on the period of 15th-19th centuries’ layouts of other Malay royal towns as references, this study employs geomorphological study and topographic mapping to study the layout and milieu of Tanah Abang. Upon further probe the area was found to meet the essential characteristics of the layout of a Malay palace complex which often consisted of a complete and intricate network of centres for administration, defence, socioeconomic activities and population concentration. The study also found that the remnants of the compacted earthen ramparts need an in-depth analysis regarding their structural condition, still well-preserved after almost 500 years.
Downloads
References
Esmawee Haji Endut (1993), Traditional Malaysian Built Rorms: A Study or The Origins, Main Building Types, Development or Building Rorms, Design Principles and The Application or Traditional Concepts in Modern Buildings, Doctoral Thesis, University of Sheffield.
Firdaus Al-Siddiq Bin Fadzil (2010), Rekonstruksi Rupa Bentuk Seni Bina Kota Pemerintahan Melayu Lama Daerah Perak Tengah, Master’s Thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
Hamid Mohd Isa. (1990). Lapuran penyelidikan awal terhadap kesan tinggalan Kota Sultan Muzaffar Shah I di Telok Bakong, Parit, Perak (Tidak diterbitkan). Taiping: Pejabat Antiquiti Wilayah Perak, Kompleks Sejarah Kota Ngah Ibrahim.
Harun N. Z. & Jalil Raj (2012), The Morphological History of the Malaysian Urban Form, IPEDR. 48, page (24): 111-116.
Illyani Ibrahim, Shireen Jahn Kassim & Alias Abdullah (2020), Historical Intimacy in Malay Urban Core Configurations: A Comparative Analysis, Culture & History Digital Journal 9(2): 1-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3989/chdj.2020.020
Illyani Ibrahim, Alias Abdullah, Mansor Ibrahim & Fatin Farhana Murtaz (2018), Historical Urban Form: A Case Study of Melaka, Planning Malaysia: Journal of the Malaysian Institute of Planners, 16(2): 153 -163. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v16i6.470
Janssen, M. L (1997). Malaca L’Inde Meridionale et le Cathay. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Branch of Royal Asiatic Society.
Kamarul Afizi Kosman, Noor Aisyah Mokhtar (2019), Existence of Melaka Malay (Fort) City Based on First Painting of A’Famosa by The Portuguese, International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE), 8(12S2): 652-662. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.L1114.10812S219
Noor Aimran Samsudin, Muhamad Solehin Fitry Rosley, Raja Nafida Raja Shahminan & Sapura Mohamad (2018), Preserving the Characteristics of Urban Heritage: An insight into the concept of Malaysian Royal Towns, Environment-Behavior Proceeding Journal (E-BPJ), 3(7): 277-283. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v3i7.1227
Noor Hanita Abdul Majid, Husna Munirah Ahmad Kamil, Abu Dzar Samsudin & Maisarah Ali (2019), Exploring the Influence of Architectural Elements of Balai Besar Kedah on the Malay Traditional Architecture, Journal of Science and Humanities, 16(8) :1-15.
Nurdiyana Zainal Abidin, Raja Nafida Raja Shahminan, & Fawazul Khair Ibrahim (2017), Architectural Influences of Istana Lama Seri Menanti, Negeri Sembilan, Planning Malaysia: Journal of the Malaysian Institute of Planners, 15(1): 151 -162. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21837/pmjournal.v15.i6.230
Sharyzee Mohmad Shukri, Mohammad Hussaini Wahab, Rohayah Che Amat, Idris Taib & Mohamad Zafarullah Mohamad Rozaly (2018), Definition and Physical Attributes that Characterise Settings of Malay Royal Towns in Malaysia, International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7 (3.9): 55-58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.9.15274
Sharyzee Mohmad Shukri, Mohammad Hussaini Wahab & Nurul Jamala (2021), The Architectural Concept of Malay Royal Town, Journal of Design and Built Environment, 21(3): 52-62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22452/jdbe.vol21no3.4
Siti Norlizaiha Harun and Rusamah Abdul Jalil (2014), The History and Characteristics of Malay Early Towns in Peninsular Malaysia, Asian Journal of Humanities and Social Studies, 2(3): 403-409.
Suprayitno. (2009). Makam-makam diraja Perak: Sumbangan kepada kerajaan negeri Perak Darul Ridzuan dan pengaruh Aceh di negeri Perak. (Doctoral Thesis). Penang: Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Survey Department. (1919). Federated Malay States (F.M.S.) Topographic Map. (Index to Districts, Kinta, Batang Padang and Lower Perak). Published by Central Survey Office, Kuala Lumpur, Surveyor-General's Office, Federated Malay States (F.M.S.).
Tengku Anis Qarihah Raja Abdul Kadir, Puteri Shireen Jahn Kassim & Nurul Syala Abdul Latip (2018), Identity, Sustainability, and The City: Dichotomies and Realities of Creating an Urban Language of the Malay Palace, Planning Malaysia: Journal of the Malaysian Institute of Planners, 16(1): 265 –280. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v16i5.430
Tjia, H.D. (1987). Geomorfologi. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Mohd Jaki Mamat, Nasha Rodziadi Khaw, Suresh Narayanen, Hisham Atan Edinur, Noralisafik Wahid, Shyeh Sahibul Karamah Masnan, Nor Khairunnisa Talib, Nazarudin Zainun, Mohd Firdaus Abdullah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 Unported License.
Copyright & Creative Commons Licence
eISSN: 0128-0945 © Year. The Authors. Published for Malaysia Institute of Planners. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
The authors hold the copyright without restrictions and also retain publishing rights without restrictions.
