PLANNING MALAYSIA

FLOOD VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION ASSESSMENT IN PADANG TERAP DISTRICT, KEDAH, MALAYSIA

Mohd Zulhafiz Said, Salfarina Abdul Gapor, Zahri Hamat — Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Padang Terap, Kedah in Malaysia experienced frequent floods, incurring financial losses to the flood victims and the government for flood mitigation. For an effective mitigation strategy, there is a need for a reliable database on the vulnerability and adaptation levels of flood victims. Therefore, this study is important to provide the data. The objectives of this paper are to analyse the factors that cause flood vulnerability and to determine and assess the existing adaptation to flood in Padang Terap. The research utilised a quantitative approach, through a household survey of 680 respondents. The data were analysed using descriptive and crosstabulation tests. The findings show that topography, distance between houses and rivers, and flood relief centres affect the vulnerability of the flood victims. The vulnerability to flood is higher than the adaptation level, implying that the Padang Terap flood victims are still not adapting to flood and prone to losses incurred related to flood.

URBAN GROWTH IN KANO METROPOLIS NIGERIA- THE MODELS HOW IT IMPACTS THE ENVIRONMENT

Hashim Abdullahi, M Zainora Asmawi, Abdul Razak Abdul Aziz — Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Rapid urban and population growth in the KNMA is distorting environmental quality. The initial data was obtained with the aid of geographical information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) within 35 years (1984 to 2019) with three study periods of 1984, 1998, and 2019. While water pollution samples were taken and analyzed in the laboratory for physicochemical elements. The air pollution parameter consists of carbon monoxides (CO) and carbon dioxides (CO₂) emission sensed. The Structural Equation Modelling (Smart PLS-SEM) is employed. However, this study solely covers the model development of the urban growth (land use changes, water, and air pollution). The Result uncovers that urban growth in KNMA = ∝ + RPG(P

ASSESSMENT ON THE FACTORS INFLUENCING INEFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION AMONG STAKEHOLDERS IN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Communication serves as a foundation for the planning and development of infrastructure projects. Because the infrastructure projects are complex and involve multiple stakeholders, ineffective communication could significantly negatively impact the whole development process. Hence, this paper aims to determine the significant factors that lead to ineffective communication among project participants in infrastructure development in Malaysia and explore initiatives to address the problems. The research data were gathered via responses from a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews with Grade G7 contractors and consultant engineers who were involved in infrastructure development. The study starts by distributing questionnaires to the target population to determine the significant factors influencing the ineffectiveness of communication among the project participants. At the second stage, 28 industry practitioners were interviewed to gain their deeper insight on the initiatives to address the problems. The result revealed seven significant factors contributing to the communication ineffectiveness in infrastructure development in Malaysia. There were eight initiatives recommended to be taken by project participants to address the problems, namely, to channel the site problems to the right and authorized person/party, encourage a cooperative attitude towards achieving the project goal, avoid confrontational attitudes, provide timely feedback, create a harmonious and effective working environment, promote a no-blame culture, encourage respect for others, and keep written communication at all times. The outcome of the study could mitigate the impacts of ineffective communication in infrastructure planning and development by helping to ensure that all the participants involved are on the same page and aligned with project goals.

INDUSTRIALISED BUILDING SYSTEM MODULAR SYSTEM (IBSMS): ADDRESSING MERITS AND CHALLENGES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SUCCESS

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

In response to the current demand for an innovative construction design that offers shorter construction periods and cost-saving benefits, Malaysians are increasingly seeking alternative solutions for sustainable development. The Industrialised Building System Modular System (IBSMS) emerges as a promising sustainable approach for home design and has developed as a transformative approach in the construction industry, holding massive potential for sustainable development. Nevertheless, certain merits and challenges must be addressed to promote the widespread adoption and implementation of sustainable development within the Malaysian construction industry. To provides a complete analysis of the merits and challenges associated with IBSMS, a questionnaire survey was conducted with the aim of shedding light on its role in fostering the success of sustainable development. The survey targeted G7 contractor companies in Selangor, resulting in 77 valid responses. The data obtained from the survey underwent descriptive analysis. The survey findings revealed that the most significant challenges hindering IBSMS adoption were the shortage of construction professionals experienced in working with modular systems, logistical complexities, cost implications, complex compliance implementation procedures, and resistance to change. Addressing the complex balance between these merits and challenges is crucial for policymakers, construction professionals, and researchers in unlocking the full potential of IBSMS in sustainable development and advancing construction in Malaysia.

VIRTUAL REALITY (VR) GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) MODEL TO PROMOTE RURAL TOURISM PRODUCT IN PERAK TENGAH DISTRICT

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Perak Tengah District is not stated as an important tourism cluster in Perak. Nevertheless, Perak Tengah has tourism resources that need to be highlighted as an alternative for rural tourism. The main issue is that Perak Tengah district's tourism resources have not been effectively advertised or utilised, nor have there been any formal digital tourism marketing activities been put into place. The mixed method study was used to identify potential rural tourism products and to obtain the opinion of local operators on how to market the tourism products. The evaluation of rural tourism in terms of goods and destinations in Perak Tengah Districts is the main emphasis of this paper. The findings show that marketing and promotion have emphasised on strengthening local business environments and cultivating strong stakeholder ties. The adoption of Virtual Reality Geographical Information System (VRGIS) model by Perak Tengah District in developing the tourism roadmap or ‘Peta Pelancongan’ is to encourage communication and data exchange which are the essential elements for its success. For future research, the extension of developing a comprehensive application for rural tourism products in Perak Tengah District should be considered.

LESSONS LEARNED FROM COVID-19 PANDEMICS IN MALAYSIA'S FACILITIES MANAGEMENT ORGANISATION

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitates a significant response from the construction industry. The increasing recognition of the virus's transmission has demanded the enhancement of quality in multiple domains. The primary responsibility of Facilities Management (FM) is to guarantee the operational effectiveness, comfort, security, environmental friendliness, and productivity of the constructed surroundings. This paper seeks to examine the lessons learned from measures implemented by FM organisations during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research employs a quantitative methodology approach. The questionnaires were disseminated to 317 FM firms in Selangor with a response rate of 36%. The results found that most facilities managers had an ample understanding of FM organisation management throughout the pandemic. It is of utmost importance to comprehensively ascertain the lessons learned in FM during the COVID-19 pandemic and proactively equip and strategize themselves to handle future pandemics and disruptions by cultivating the capacity and resilience to respond to environmental shocks. The implementation of the plan is of utmost importance as it serves as a guiding principle for future actions. The endeavour and the knowledge gained from past pandemics have shaped an industry proposition for a fair and impartial approach to addressing future pandemics in Malaysia.

MEGA PROJECTS AS A BIG PUSH FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSFORMATION: A CASE STUDY OF TANJUNG KUPANG, JOHOR

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Mega projects are currently seen as a catalyst for Malaysia’s development as they can provide various benefits both in the city and the countryside. However, if the desired progress does not consider the socio-economic aspects of the community, the development will ignore their quality of life. Therefore, the impact of a mega project development in the Tanjung Kupang subdistrict became a research medium. This study examines the impact of a mega project development on the rural communities of the Tanjung Kupang subdistrict. A quantitative approach method was adopted, employing a questionnaire survey involving 61 heads of households as the study sample. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data collected. The findings identified several factors that greatly affected the socio-economic level of Tanjung Kupang rural communities, such as employment, income, and development location. The findings also indicate that the mega project in Tanjung Kupang has had an impact on the rural community in the subdistrict in terms of increased side income (4.48), increased communication and infrastructure networks (4.43), loss of income from agricultural source activities (4.33), and competition of foreign workers with local people (4.23). Therefore, this study may serve as a reference for assessing the impact of a mega project and giving awareness to the construction sector on the importance of social community involvement in any development planning.

ENHANCING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND LAND UTILISATION THROUGH GIS-BASED MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION METHOD FOR FELDA RAJA ALIAS, NEGERI SEMBILAN AND FELDA GUNONG BESOUT, PERAK IN MALAYSIA

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

The proposed approach integrates Geographical Information System (GIS) technology and Multi Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) techniques to evaluate and prioritise Sustainable and Highest and Best Use (SHBU) lands for sustainable development in FELDA. Spatial data representing various criteria, including accessibility, environmental factors, social amenities, and economic viability, are collected and incorporated into a comprehensive GIS database. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the sustainability potential of SHBU lands in FELDA using a GIS-based MCDA approach and to optimise land utilisation within FELDA by determining the highest and best use of SHBU lands. This study aims to develop a model that utilises GIS and MCDA to assess the suitability of different land parcels within FELDA for SHBU development. Analytical methods, such as weighted overlay analysis and spatial analysis tools, are employed to assess the suitability of different areas within FELDA for SHBU land development. The criteria weights are determined through consultations with stakeholders and expert opinions, ensuring a participatory approach in decision-making processes. The GIS-based MCDA model provides a quantitative framework to evaluate and rank potential SHBU lands in FELDA based on their suitability for sustainable development. The model's outputs can assist land use planners, policymakers, and stakeholders in making informed decisions regarding SHBU land allocation, promoting sustainable housing, and building practices within FELDA's land settlement schemes.

ATTRIBUTES AND ACTIVITIES IN PUBLIC URBAN SPACES OF MALAYSIAN CITIES

Maheran Hamzah, Gobi Krishna Sinniah, Noradila Rusli — Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

In contemporary society, urban spaces have emerged as the predominant locale for communal assembly among the general populace. However, a significant deficiency of urban spaces is observed in the majority of metropolitan locations in Malaysia. This study raises the question of how urban space could promote community space in an urban area while considering activities and site physical attributes. Therefore, this study aims to identify the urban space attributes and activities in two categories of Malaysian cities: new urban areas and historical areas. This study uses cross-comparison and descriptive analysis to derive key attributes of urban spaces, including high walkability, diverse activities, vibrant street art, and green elements. The dominant attributes based on the evaluation were walkability, urban activities, street art, green elements, and aesthetically pleasing historic buildings. Primary activities were walking, photography, and cycling (100%). Predominant urban activities based on evaluation were walking, photographing, and sales booth streets. Sungai Segget Johor Bahru (mix of historical and new urban areas), Melaka Jonker Street (historical town) and River of Life Kuala Lumpur (a mix of historical and new urban areas) have the highest of urban space elements. Therefore, urban activities are highest in historical cities such as Melaka Jonker Street and Penang Street Art. This study provides stakeholders valuable insight into different urban space attributes and activity patterns between cities. By expanding the analysis scope beyond the main capital city in Malaysia and recommending further exploration of additional attributes, this research offers a more nuanced understanding of the interplay between urban space and activities.

ESTABLISHING A SUSTAINABLE SOLAR ENERGY COMMUNITY IN THE MALAYSIAN RURAL ENERGY LANDSCAPE: A CASE STUDY OF PERAK TENGAH, MALAYSIA

Nur Azfahani Ahmad, Nur Huzeima Mohd Hussain, Abd Talib Osman, Fiza Abdul Rahim — Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

The extensive reliance on conventional electricity from fossil fuels has heightened dependence in Malaysian communities, but escalating costs, CO2 pollution risks, and the depletion of fossil fuel resources signal its unsustainability. This study investigates the potential of solar PVs to shift rural communities away from fossil fuel-dependent electricity, aiming to foster self-sufficiency. The objective is to enable Malaysian rural communities to benefit from solar technology through a communal-sharing concept. A purposive sampling case study in central Perak reveals that solar energy applications offer communities sustainable electricity access. This approach addresses underutilised roof spaces in Malaysian communities, creating a model for sustainable, resilient living with self-sufficient electricity. Results show successful implementation, with a public building supplying solar-generated electricity to two houses and acting as community storage with a power system of 2 kWp for 24 hours. Illuminance levels improved by 50% to 80%. Town planners and engineers' support is crucial for nationwide dissemination, aligning with the 11th and 12th Malaysia Plan goals for sustainable electricity provision. This effort contributes significantly to achieving national development objectives focusing on providing sustainable electricity for the people.

THE PARADOX OF THE REN: A LOOK AT REAL ESTATE NEGOTIATOR (REN) PRACTICES IN MALAYSIA

Ting Kien Hwa, Zarita Ahmad@Baharum — Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

This paper explores the findings of a focus group discussion held to examine the current state of Real Estate Negotiator (REN) practice in Malaysia. RENs, acting as representatives of estate agencies, play a crucial role in facilitating property transactions. However, the discussion revealed significant ambiguities surrounding their responsibilities, ethical considerations, and the efficacy of the REN Tag system. Participants recounted instances of misrepresentation of property details, inflated rental/prices, and deceptive marketing activities. This highlighted the need for stronger measures to promote ethical conduct within the profession, including awareness campaigns, stricter disciplinary measures, and a robust complaint mechanism.

A FRAMEWORK OF PRACTICAL ECONOMIC INDICATORS FOR TRANSIT-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT (FPEI-TOD): IDENTIFICATION AND EXPERT VALIDATION

Nurulhuda Ali, Hasniyati Hamzah, Anuar Alias, Ismail Muhamad — Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) can be one of the tools to achieve sustainable urban management (SUM), as promoted by SDG11 on Sustainable Cities and Communities. In the context of Malaysia, TOD is seen as a potential solution to urban challenges, i.e., traffic congestion, pollution, rising cost of living, lack of employment opportunities, and the prevalence of crime. However, in determining a balanced approach to SUM, TODS must have a framework of indicators that can be used to guide its implementation so the three sustainable development dimensions are catered for, particularly the economic dimension. A review of previous studies and literature on TOD revealed a dearth of studies on economic indicators for TOD in Malaysia. Using the sequential mixed methods approach, this research aimed to improve the current implementation of TOD for sustainable urban management by proposing a framework for practical economic indicators of TOD and endeavouring to close the gap in practical TOD assessment in Malaysia. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) were used to extract the economic indicators before deploying a questionnaire survey for experts’ validation. A total of 48 economic indicators that are practical to implement for TOD were produced based on the experts’ opinions. These indicators would serve as measuring tools for ensuring sustainable TODs that not only provide greater transit facilities but are also resilient in facing future urban challenges.

THE OLFACTORY LANDSCAPE: EXPLORING THE TAPESTRY OF SMELLSCAPE IN BAGAN SUNGAI YU FISHING VILLAGE

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

This study explores the olfactory landscape and intricate smellscape in Bagan Sungai Yu, a fishing village in Kuala Selangor, renowned for its distinctive Bagan fishing environment. In addressing the research gap that previously only emphasised the visual character, this study adopts a novel approach by asking the researchers to play the role of visitors during smell mapping. Additionally, 17 local people and 25 respondents from the Kuala Selangor Municipal Council actively contribute to the survey questionnaire phase. The findings emphasise the village's olfactory identity, showcasing the intricate connections between the environment, daily activities, and cultural practices. Beyond shaping cultural identity, the study delves into the interplay between olfactory experiences, human psychology, and memories among residents and authorities. Recognising the potential for intangible landscape preservation, this research seeks to contribute towards understanding the role of smell in fishing villages, establishing smell mapping as a valuable tool. The identified similarities in smell identification underscore the significance of shared olfactory experiences, enhancing the relevance of smell mapping in bridging community perspectives and promoting sustainable practices.

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH CHALLENGES IN ASSESSING RAINWATER HARVESTING IMPLEMENTATION FIDELITY FOR RELIABLE DATA

Hafizah Mohd Latif, Norazida Mohamed, Sohrab Donyavi, Noor Sahidah Samsudin — Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Assessing local councils’ adherence to rainwater harvesting policy regulated in the by-laws is critical to the success of water conservation efforts. However, there are certain challenges that must be addressed in this assessment. This paper highlights the aforementioned challenges and provides recommendations for future research. The research used a qualitative approach, employing six distinct methods to obtain more robust and reliable data: (i) desk study, (ii) document review, (iii) interviews, (iv) observation, (v) self-analysis questions and (vi) focus group discussion. The success of the implementation-focused research was based on a defined direction of assessment, eligible participants and sites, suitable methods, access to reliable data, robust analysis and writing proficiency. This paper suggests that future search should focus on establishing relevant skills, building relationships with the participants, defining concepts and exploring alternative data sources. Assessing implementation fidelity was not easy because it necessitated substantial resources to draw meaningful conclusions about the extent to which the rainwater harvesting policy was delivered. Addressing qualitative research challenges in assessing rainwater harvesting implementation could enable researchers to suggest implementers on making more informed decisions in attaining Sustainable Development Goal 6.

REQUISITE OF SUB-ATTRIBUTES FOR SMART CITY CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

A smart city requires citizen participation and key metrics such as smart city elements and performances. This paper aims to identify the sub-attributes for smart city elements and performances that required the formation of the conceptual framework. This research has studied the past literature related to smart city studies and citizen’s needs from the Smart City. This research continues the study by identifying two categories of variables which are Smart City elements and Smart City performance. The investigation of past literature shows that Smart City elements consist of eight attributes namely Administration, Social, Infrastructure and Utilities, Transport, Technology, Human, Economy and Environment. The result of past studies also determines that constructs that are important to Smart City performance are Quality of Life, Resource Management and Economic Competitiveness. To ensure the success of smart city initiatives, this study provides sub-attributes of smart city elements and performance that can assist policymakers and government in selecting the best criteria for sub-attributes for a smart city conceptual framework.

URBAN FARMING PRACTICE CONCERNING LIFE CYCLE COST COMPONENTS

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Urban farming (UF) has become popular, and several cities are trying to enhance sustainability by improving urban greenery and urban farming. In addition to supporting food security within the area, it benefits the people’s health and well-being and the surrounding environment. This results in a shifting of time consumption from spending time outside, like travelling and shopping, to commuting to activities within home boundaries. Therefore, UF is becoming an activity for residential communities besides working and studying. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the significant Life Cycle Cost (LCC) components concerning the UF practices. The objective of the research is to establish the attributes of UF practice throughout the LC phase. Hence, the findings of the paper indicate the conceptual framework for LCC components concerning the UF practices which are beneficial to practitioners. To achieve this aim, previous studies on types, techniques, and components of UF technology and practices throughout the LC phase, have been explored in both local and international contexts. Thirteen (13) papers from journal and conference papers were reviewed to determine the LCC components of UF according to life cycle (LC) phases. The attribute placed in the respective phase is based on thematic techniques. The paper’s findings indicate that the LCC components occur during Planning, Installation, Management, Maintenance, and Harvesting/ Disposal.

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF TRANSIT-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT (TOD) TOWARDS THE ENHANCEMENT OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION RIDERSHIP

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Transit-oriented development (TOD) emerges as a strategic urban planning approach that aims to create well-connected, pedestrian-friendly communities centred around transit nodes. Despite the increasing use of public transportation, many people still rely on single-occupancy vehicles. Several TOD guidelines have been developed to enhance its implementation in Malaysia; however, the current policy context on housing and TOD practices does not adequately reflect the reality that public transport is the preferred mode of transportation for many people. Thus, this study aims to identify the most significant attributes of TOD that can improve public transportation (PT) ridership. Primary data was gathered from 284 respondents using a self-administered questionnaire distributed through simple random sampling. The chi-square test was used to determine the significant relationship between TOD and PT ridership. The findings indicated that eleven TOD attributes and eleven PT ridership attributes had a significant relationship, whilst the remaining relationships were considered null. More than half of the findings were significant, indicating that both TOD and PT ridership were related. In conclusion, a well-designed transit-oriented community can attract and retain public transportation users, making it a catalyst for creating transit-friendly environments.

THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SUCCESS OF BOUTIQUE HOTELS IN KLANG VALLEY, MALAYSIA

Rohayu Ab Majid, Rosli Said, Mohd Don Omar, Nurdiana Wahid, Siti Hasniza Rosman — Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Boutique hotels, despite not matching the service level of 5-star counterparts, remain a flourishing presence in the hospitality industry, drawing a substantial influx of visitors. This study is dedicated to dissecting the contributory impact factors driving the triumph of boutique hotels in Malaysia. Delving into seven primary dimensions, these are further elaborated into a comprehensive framework of 28 sub-factors. Collated through a 210-strong questionnaire survey, the data collection was centred on patrons of boutique hotels situated in Malaysia's Klang Valley region. Employing inferential analysis techniques, the research probes the significance of these factors in shaping the fortunes of boutique hotels in the Malaysian context. The dataset underwent Chi-Square analysis to ascertain the noteworthy significance attached to each sub-factor. Notably, findings underscore that among the 28 scrutinised sub-factors, a notable set of 17 sub-factors establish a substantial correlation with visitor preferences, exerting a pivotal role in the overarching triumph of boutique hotels within Malaysia.

HOUSING PURCHASING DECISION (HPD) FOR NEW TOD AREA IN KOTA KINABALU

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Housing preference among urban dwellers in Kota Kinabalu’s Transit Oriented Development area is an important issue since housing unit prices are often expensive nowadays. Urban dwellers face a wide range of problems, and as they have evolved into the primary segment of the housing market, they have been continuously confronted with housing decisions based on their preferences. Apart from that, preferences for features of the housing units and developments vary among different groups of urban dwellers based on their demographic profiles. This study aims to identify the most common preferences among urban dwellers that influence their housing purchasing decisions in Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) areas. The data was obtained through a questionnaire survey using a convenience sampling approach. Based on 105 working adult-age respondents, the findings indicated that based on the mean and ranking score, the preference aspect that influenced purchasing decisions the most was the neighbourhood and income factor at a 4.98 mean value.

IS COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN URBAN PLANNING IN ISKANDAR MALAYSIA EFFECTIVE ENOUGH? A QUALITATIVE EXPLORATION

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of community participation in planning and operational decision-making in Iskandar Malaysia. The Iskandar Malaysia region consists of four local planning authorities who are responsible for planning and managing the spatial development in the region. Conceptually, effective community participation helps the local planning authority to make better decisions, hence, providing a sustainable and quality living environment. The study employed in-depth interviews to gather insights into the phenomenon from various key actors to address the questions. Following the 31 interviews performed, it is suggested that the effectiveness of community participation; and the incorporation of community interest in Iskandar Malaysia are substantially influenced by functional variables such as collaboration between stakeholders, community access to information and process, and intergovernmental relationships in planning. Structural and cultural variables include the skill and professionalism of public planners, the capability to influence, public awareness and knowledge, and community representation.

SPATIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE LRT3 DEVELOPMENT PROJECT: A PERCEPTION STUDY IN SEKSYEN 7 SHAH ALAM

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

This study aimed to examine the perceptions of the local community in Seksyen 7, Shah Alam, regarding the environmental impact of the LRT3 construction project. The objectives were to identify the environmental impact on the community and evaluate the state of environmental pollution in the area. Based on several factors, a questionnaire was selected as the data collection instrument. The LRT3 project's highest percentage of respondents, 66.8%, identified air pollution as a concern, indicating perceived negative impacts on air quality in the vicinity. Approximately 60.6% of respondents attributed increased traffic congestion to the project, suggesting disruptions caused by construction activities and changes in road infrastructure. Furthermore, 51.6% of respondents identified noise pollution as a concern from the LRT3 project, possibly due to construction-related noise and machinery operation. A smaller percentage, 20%, expressed concerns about potential health issues associated with the project, while 19.8% mentioned water pollution. The research highlights the importance of tackling air pollution, traffic congestion, noise pollution, health issues, and water pollution to alleviate the adverse environmental effects. This study's findings have the potential to provide valuable insights for spatial decision-makers involved in the implementation of specific strategies and promoting the overall well-being of the community throughout the construction and operation phases.

KEY HOUSING CONDITIONS THAT DIMINISH HEALTHY HOMES AMONG ABORIGINAL COMMUNITIES IN ROYAL BELUM PARK MALAYSIA

Hafizah Mohd Latif, Emmanuel Essah — Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Research on healthy homes has been carried out relatively little in Malaysia. The aim of this paper is to establish the relationship between key architectural elements of Aboriginal homes in Sungai Kejar, the Royal Belum State Park, and their potential health risks. The data were drawn through naturalistic observation, unstructured interviews and semi-structured interviews. Despite their green features, many Aboriginal homes lack water-tight measures, sanitation facilities and proper flooring - making the people more susceptible to diseases like Leptospirosis and Malaria. Due to their nomadic lifestyle, the people construct temporary homes using green materials like bamboo and leaves. The government-provided wooden and brick houses did not meet most of their preferences primarily due to their lifestyle, culture and belief system. These underlying issues necessitate a thorough evaluation and research to propose optimal construction methods that meet the bare minimum criteria for healthy homes while also accommodating their lifestyle and preserving cultural heritage. This could include introducing brick flooring, portable rainwater harvesting for clean water supply and healthy homes awareness campaigns.

URBAN AGRICULTURE ACTIVITIES SCENARIO IN RELATION TO FOOD SECURITY: DELVE INTO URBAN FARMING PRACTICE

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Urban agriculture is an alternative source of food for the urban population to achieve food security. The Department of Agriculture (DOA) Malaysia under the Community Agricultural Development Program targeted 8,800 metric tonnes of urban agriculture products by the year 2025. To understand the current state, this research aims to investigate the urban agricultural activities scenario in Malaysia through the role and responsibilities carried out by the government agencies to facilitate urban farmers and increase agricultural productivity. A qualitative approach was adopted by means of a desktop study to review journals and reports, as well as content analysis on multilevel government policies, and acts related to urban agriculture. Also conducted were in-depth interviews with government agencies officials and farmers, and a fieldwork. The findings indicate that (1) all three-tier governments have specific roles and responsibilities in facilitating urban agriculture through policies, instruments, incentives, and monitoring that cascade down from the federal to the local level; and (2) the need to improve coordination between agencies to optimise resources and monitoring. In conclusion, coordination between related government agencies and farmers is the key enabler to ensure food security for the urban population.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES AND CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS IN THE REHABILITATION OF ABANDONED HOUSING PROJECTS

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Abandoned housing projects (AHPs) lead to economic losses, social issues, and damage the reputation of responsible authorities. Effective rehabilitation project management is crucial for sustainable urban development. This study explores the challenges and critical success factors (CSFs) throughout the AHP rehabilitation life cycle using qualitative thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews. Identified challenges include communication gaps, inadequate planning and preparedness, deficient risk management, competency issues, documentation problems, and lack of accountability. Key CSFs are effective decision-making, time management, team management, and the role of project managers. The findings provide guidance for policymakers, liquidators, and receivers to improve the implementation of the Housing Development Act for assessing rehabilitation contractors. Addressing these challenges and focusing on the CSFs is essential for successful AHP rehabilitation, mitigating losses, resolving issues, and enhancing the reputation of the authorities.

A COMPREHENSIVE BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH (1975-2023) ON FACTORS INFLUENCING SAFETY PERFORMANCE IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

This extensive bibliometric analysis delves into the dynamic and evolving landscape of research on safety performance factors within the construction industry. This study examines 468 academic articles to monitor the progression of research trends in the construction industry. There is a significant rise in academic endeavours that align with the swift advancements in technology in this domain. Notably, this analysis highlights the pivotal role of influential publication sources as primary repositories of knowledge dissemination. Furthermore, recurring keywords such as “construction industry” and “safety performance” illuminate the multifaceted nature of safety research, emphasising its holistic approach. High-impact works, especially those exploring safety culture and climate, have a strong influence on shaping the discussion and directing industry practices in the field. Academic institutions have also made substantial contributions, actively participating in shaping the conversation on safety performance. Hence, the in-depth analysis offers valuable insights for stakeholders committed to advancing safety practices in the industry, underscoring the sector’s steadfast dedication to fostering safer, more resilient, and socially responsible construction endeavours.

THE EFFECT OF AN OVERNIGHT POLICY RATE (OPR) HIKE ON HOME LOAN IN MALAYSIA

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) has employed numerous monetary policies to reduce inflation and ensure financial stability. It includes the change in the Overnight Policy Rate (OPR), which is the benchmark interest rate at which banks borrow and lend cash overnight. The purpose of this research was to explore the implementation of OPR and the effect of OPR hike towards home loans. This was achieved through a qualitative research design involving interviews with representatives (bankers) from Bank Negara Malaysia as well as conventional and Islamic banks. The results revealed that OPR implementation is conducted by Bank Negara Malaysia through the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC), which is in charge of developing policies for conducting monetary activities. While the OPR hike inflicts an impact on the interest rates of home loans, statistics from BNM showed an increase of home loan borrowers during the third quarter of this year compared to the second quarter across both conventional and Islamic banks. These findings offer critical insights into the effects of OPR increase on Malaysian home loans. Therefore, financial institutions should establish risk management measures while simultaneously providing home buyers with reasonable and accessible financing choices.

BRIDGING ISLAMIZATION OF HUMAN KNOWLEDGE (IoHK) THROUGH MAQASID AL-SHARI’AH’S COMPONENTS: A CASE STUDY OF COLLEGE OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT (CBE), UiTM

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

The content of knowledge related to the built environment includes what is needed to plan, develop, build, and care for the earth as its occupants and guardians (Khalifah). However, the frequency of natural disasters has indicated that man has not been able to manage the Amanah. In pioneering research on Maqasid Al-Shari’ah, Ahmad Sarkawi and his group have raised question on whether man is aware of the correct ways to govern the Earth. As an early stage, the study aims to look at the implementation level of IoHK modes in incorporating Maqasid Al-Shari’ah components among lecturers in the College of Built Environment (CBE) at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM). The institution serves as an ideal case study, parallel to the existence of the Shari’ah in Built Environment (SiBE) Research Group coupled with the huge numbers of graduates from CBE. Content analysis approach has been utilized, which analyzed academic programs and course outlines. This is followed by structured interviews among the Quantity Surveying (QS) lecturers to evaluate the implementation level of IoHK modes on the Maqasid Al-Shari’ah components. The results indicated that the implementation of the most permissible IoHK mode on all the components of Maqasid Al-Shari’ah is still low among QS lecturers in CBE. Through this scholarly research findings, the researchers aim to help in providing a meaningful recommendation to align the CBE’s educational framework with the major components of Maqasid Al-Shari’ah, thereby advancing the harmonization of Islamic principles with the BE’s body of knowledge.

THE GENERATIONAL OF AGEING IN PLACE DECISION-MAKING PREFERENCES IN MALAYSIA

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Housing fulfils a person's physical, psychological, social, and economic needs. Housing choices are made by maximizing satisfaction with the home by focusing on various factors, whether external or internal and this varies between generations (i.e. Baby Boomers, Generation X, Generation Y) or by age group. As age increases, an individual's needs and preferences also change due to the ageing factors. This study aims to identify the Malaysian generational Ageing in Place (AIP) housing decision. AIP refers to a person's preference to remain in the same place for as long as possible, which links to their sense of attachment towards a place. This study also aims to provide an overview of the AIP decision-making preferences of the generations in Malaysia. Thus, the objectives of this study are: (i) To identify the factors influencing AIP housing decisions and (ii) To determine the generational AIP decision-making by the generations in Malaysia with Johor Bahru, Johor as the case study. This study adopted a mixed methods of research strategies (qualitative and quantitative). The main findings revealed four (4) main ageing in place preferences such as (1) Economics, (2) Help and Support, (3) Dwelling characteristics, and (4) Neighbourhood. The findings are significant to the public and private sectors in understanding the housing consumers better. The in-depth information gained will help narrow the demand and supply gap between housing consumers and housing providers.

BEST PRACTICES IN ENSURING NATURAL JUSTICE IN ADJUDICATION PROCEEDINGS

Nurlee Azizah Ahmad, Zulhabri Ismail, Siti Suhana Judi, Low Sui Pheng — Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

This study explores the interplay between natural justice principles and adjudication within the Malaysian construction industry, focusing on challenges under the Construction Industry Payment and Adjudication Act (CIPAA). It assesses the impact of CIPAA on natural justice through a review of case law from 2014 to 2017, highlighting 11 key cases where adherence to natural justice was questioned. The study proposes best practices, including Obtaining agreement from the claimant for the request to extension time by the respondent to enhance fairness and reduce legal disputes in adjudication.

DEVELOPING THE CITY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: URBAN SUBURBAN AREA OF HERTASNING - TUN ABDUL RAZAK METROPOLITAN MAMMINASATA, INDONESIA

Syafri -, Batara Surya, Murshal Manaf — Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

The development of peripheral areas as centres of socio-economic activity has an impact on land use change and the complexity of the transport system. The ongoing spatial transformation contributes to anthropogenic enhancement towards urban macroclimate change. Increased anthropogenic activity is characterised by changes in typology, land use and traffic performance along the corridor. This study examines the relationship between traffic and land use performance variables and climatic conditions using a quantitative approach. The data that has been processed is then analysed using SEM PLS. The results of the analysis show that land use variables affect climate conditions with a T-Statistic value of 2.752 > 1.96 or a P value of 0.040 < 0.05. These results suggest that land use in the Hertasning-Tun Abdul Razak road corridor is positively associated with increased urban temperatures. This study recommends the handling of urban fringe areas towards controlling spatial utilisation along major road corridors, in anticipation of increasing urban macroclimate change.

AN ASSESSMENT ON THE IMPACT OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PERHENTIAN ISLAND, TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA TOWARD THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF ITS RESIDENTS

Asniza Hamimi Abdul Tharim, Aqil Irfan Ahmad Sayuthy, Noraziah Wahi — Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Development is important to increase residents' Quality of Life (QaL). The development of Perhentian island is far behind the development of other mainland towns and cities in Terengganu which has significantly affected the Quality of Life (QoL) of its residents. Therefore, a proper study on the benefits and strategies of developing an island has to be conducted to fulfil the needs of the island’s residents. This research aims to investigate the development of Perhentian Island, Terengganu. The research used a quantitative methodology utilising an observation checklist as its instrument. The checklist comprises 23 elements which are housing area, education facilities, health facilities, entertainment facilities, safety facilities, office buildings, industrial sector, energy resources, water resources, restaurants, hotels, transportation, road, grocery store, scenery, conservation centre, jetty, waste management, drainage system, food resource, network and coverage, worship buildings, and buildings organization. The data collected from the observation were presented in Excel tabulated format with identification of strongly dissatisfied, satisfied, neutral, satisfied, and strongly satisfied. Overall, the findings of this study show that the development on Perhentian Island is at neutral level. It is hoped that the study outcome can provide guidelines for Perhentian Island's future development toward achieving a better Quality of Life for its residents.

CLIMATE RESPONSIVE DESIGN IN HERITAGE STRUCTURE: AN ANALYSIS ON THE DECORATIVE ARCHITECTURAL COMPONENTS DESIGN OF RUMAH LIMAS BUMBUNG PERAK (RLBP)

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

The absence of readily available energy in the past such as electricity has contributed to the indigenous formation of a climate-responsive dwelling structure that harnesses the provided energy from nature. The decorative architectural component is one of the heritage values in traditional Malay house that is not only functional but also symbolic and aesthetic towards the house's heritage architectural character. The aim of this research is to explore the climatic responsive function of the decorative architectural components of Rumah Limas Bumbung Perak (RLBP). Qualitative research was used as the research approach via case studies. This encompassed field works of site observation conducted on the decorative architectural components observed from the 9 samples of Rumah Limas Bumbung Perak (RLBP) chosen. The analysis was conducted by analysing the design attributes of the decorative architectural components that lead to the research findings. The findings of the research found that the design attributes of the decorative architectural components of RLBP correspond to multiple climatic functions – as a shading and filtering device, ventilation device, and climate protection device that contributes to the climate responsive design of the components. The output from this research not only strengthened the existing findings but also can contribute to the formation of the planning guideline for future housing planning in Malaysia, particularly on the spatial and sustainable quality of modern house design.

DESIGNING A PUBLIC HOSPITAL IN MALAYSIA: A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH IN ENHANCING HEALTHCARE FROM THE ARCHITECTURAL PERSPECTIVE

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

The public healthcare system in Malaysia was established in the 1850s, prior to the country's independence. Today, it encompasses 146 public hospitals to provide affordable and accessible healthcare services to all Malaysian citizens. However, the public healthcare sector faced various challenges, including ageing facilities and infrastructures, deferred maintenance, limited accessibility, and inefficient layouts. This paper presents a comprehensive approach in designing public hospitals in Malaysia, with a focus on addressing the healthcare needs of the population and improving healthcare infrastructures through architectural optics. This article explores key aspects of hospital designs, including architectural considerations, functional requirements, technological integration, and compliance with regulations and relevant acts. Eight expert samples were employed through semi-structured interviews to ensure credibility and validity. This methodology allowed flexibility in questioning and yet tailored exploration of relevant issues and expertise. Clear data sources and research objectives were established to minimize potential bias and limitations. By incorporating patient-centric design principles, enhancing accessibility, promoting sustainability, and considering future scalability, the proposed design aims to improve public hospitals that can effectively meet the healthcare demands of Malaysia. The recommendations outlined in this study can serve as a guideline for policymakers, healthcare authorities, and designers involved in the creation of efficient and effective healthcare facilities.

INTER-REGIONAL POVERTY DISPARITIES IN JAVA, INDONESIA: AN ANALYSIS OF KEY INFLUENCING FACTORS (2010-2020)

Lutfi Muta’ali, Muhammad Izzudin, Anang Dwi Santoso — Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

This study seeks to investigate the evolution of poverty in Java from 2010 to 2020, as well as the regional factors that contributing to disparities in poverty between regions. The results of the analysis indicate a downward trend in the number and proportion of poor people on the island of Java but a rise during the COVID-19 pandemic. There are regional distribution groups with high and low poverty rates. The results of the ANOVA reveal significant differences in the occurrence of urban poverty on the island of Java based on province and regional status but not by zone. Positively and negatively, the majority of the predictors have a very significant relationship with poverty. Six regional variables (level of consumption (expenditure), level of health (life expectancy), income per capita, level of education (number of years of schooling), population density (people/km2), and economic potential (GRDP at current prices)) account for 68.10% of the variation in the number of poor people in Java, while the remaining 31.9% is determined by other variables. The model of variation in Java's poverty is determined by three variables: per capita income, GRDP, and public consumption level.

THE EFFECT OF SECURITY IN THE GREEN BUILDING PRICE PREDICTION MODEL: A COMPARISON BETWEEN MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION AND MACHINE LEARNING APPROACHES

Thuraiya Mohd, Suraya Masrom, Nur Syafiqah Jamil, Mohamad Harussani — Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Green building (GB) and building security are two pivotal factors that significantly influence the valuation of property prices. Nevertheless, the research on these determinants was very limited and no empirical study was done to prove the reliability of the factors as price determinants for green building. Hence, this study examines the factors by using two distinct approaches, namely the Multiple Regression Model (MRL) and Machine Learning (ML) to fill the existing empirical gap. With MRL as the conventional approach and ML as an advanced technique, the results were compared to provide maximum effectiveness in analysing the factors included. The data analysis was conducted based on a real GB dataset collected, which comprises 240 green building transactions in the city area of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Prior to MLR modelling, an ANOVA test was conducted to test the statistical significance of all the independent variables (IVs) used in this study, while ML used the algorithm consisting of random forest, decision tree, linear regressor, ridge and lasso. The results indicate that building security has a strong and statistically significant impact on the price of green buildings in the MLR model. However, when it comes to enhancing prediction accuracy using the Random Forest and Decision Tree algorithms in ML models, building security has a relatively minimal influence. These results highlight a substantial difference between the outcomes of the two approaches. Specifically, the machine learning model did not demonstrate a significant relationship between green building attributes and price prediction, whereas the multiple regression model suggests otherwise.

EVALUATION OF THE READINESS OF THE KULON PROGO GEOHERITAGE IN SUPPORTING THE PROPOSAL OF YOGYAKARTA NATIONAL GEOPARK BASED ON SWOT ANALYSIS

Hita Pandita, Setyo Pambudi, Ignatius Adi Prabowo — Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Since the establishment of 20 geological sites as Geoheritage sites in the Yogyakarta region, this has encouraged the Provincial Government's desire to form a national-scale Yogya Geopark area. The plan to form the Yogya Geopark area certainly requires an in-depth study so that the plan can be achieved. Of the twenty sites, 5 of them are in the Kulon Progo area. This study aims to find out how the conditions of the five geoheritage locations in Kulon Progo are, with the final result evaluating the readiness of the five locations in supporting the proposed Yogyakarta National Geopark area. The research method is in the form of field observations at the five locations. The results of the field data collection were then carried out by a SWOT analysis referring to the criteria from the Government. Of the five geosites in Kulon Progo, only two locations met the requirements, namely Mangan Kliripan-Karangsari and Kiskenda Cave. Hard and planned efforts are needed for structuring the geoheritage area in Kulon Progo so that it can support the Yogya Geopark proposal.

AN ASSESSMENT OF SPATIAL SUITABILITY AND INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT OF CORAL REEF IN PROMOTING ECOTOURISM IN THE PAHAWANG ISLAND, INDONESIA

Ahmad Herison - — Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Unorganized and constant changes in land use heighten flood risk in a region. Flood issues in Snorkeling tourism, which offers a range of stunning undersea natural resources, is another popular activity on Pahawang Island. Marine tourism should adhere to the idea of environmental preservation, such as avoiding harming and polluting marine habitats, in addition to helping the economy. The goal of this study is to spatially assess the condition of suitability and infrastructural support needed for coral reef ecotourism on Pahawang Island. Line Intercept Transect, coral reef ecotourism carrying capacity calculations, ArcGIS spatial processing, and infrastructure observation were the techniques employed. The findings of this study show that the value of suitability index for ecotourism involving snorkeling and diving had an average value of 2.21, falling into the appropriate category (S2) with a carrying capacity of 3,614 persons per day on an area of 90.35 Ha. Coral reef transplants, which enhance coral reef coverage, can be done to fully utilize the potential in this location in order to preserve and enhance coral reef tourist potential of Pahawang Island. There are a few things that need to be fixed in order to build integrated coral reef ecotourism management although the infrastructure was fairly good according to the findings of direct field observations. The conclusion is that, from a spatial standpoint, the suitability index and the area of snorkeling and diving ecotourism carrying capacity, as well as the supporting infrastructure, are in good condition. To enhance and advance this, integrated management and governance are necessary.

IMPACT OF CHANGE ORDERS ON WASTE MATERIAL OF ROAD CONSTRUCTION PROJECT

Hendrik Sulistio, Mega Waty — Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Change orders in road construction project are a contributing factor to wastage, a concern underscored in recommendations for waste materials. The significant impact of change orders on waste materials becomes evident in various project phases, including implementation, handling, planning, procurement, and contractual aspects. Therefore, this research aims to explore the impact of change orders on waste materials, providing insights into the influential role across critical aspects of road construction projects. A dual approach was adopted, incorporating both interview and questionnaire methods, with the questionnaire’s design established through the application of the Delphi method. The design was subsequently validated by experts following a series of tests, ensuring its effective distribution to a diverse audience, including consultants, contractors, and owners. The calculations were conducted using Factor Analysis and were analyzed with the assistance of SEM PLS 4.0. This comprehensive approach facilitated a thorough exploration of the research methodology and data analysis process.

MOSQUE TOURISM IN THE DIGITAL AGE: EXAMINING GENERATION Y'S VIRTUAL REALITY EXPERIENCES

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 -0600

The rise in Muslim travelers and the swift evolution of virtual reality (VR) technology is fundamentally transforming the global tourism industry. This convergence underscores the immediate need for further academic exploration into the potential uses of virtual reality in the domain of Muslim tourism, creating a promising avenue for future research. In this vein, our study aims to evaluate how Generation Y perceives the concept of participating in virtual reality mosque tourism, considering both cognitive and emotional responses from this demographic's perspective. The primary goal of our research is to uncover Generation Y's genuine experiences in virtual reality mosque tourism. Our quantitative research methodology involved 100 Muslim travelers aged between 29 and 41 years. Data analysis was conducted using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), encompassing both descriptive and Pearson correlation analyses. The findings of our analysis, which indicate that a significant majority of participants found the 360-degree Virtual Reality Mosque Tour enjoyable and captivating, have significant implications for understanding cognitive and emotional responses related to the intention to visit mosques in the tourism context. These findings could potentially shape the future landscape of mosque tourism, making our research a crucial contribution to the field.